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Part III · Article 19

Protection of certain rights regarding freedom of speech, etc.

Pending legal reviewLast checked 2026-11-02

Official text

(1) All citizens shall have the right— (a) to freedom of speech and expression; (b) to assemble peaceably and without arms; (c) to form associations or unions or co-operative societies; (d) to move freely throughout the territory of India; (e) to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India; and (g) to practise any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business. [Clauses (2) to (6), which permit reasonable restrictions, are not reproduced in this demo extract.]

Source: Legislative Department, Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India

Plain-language explanation (editorial)

Citizens have six basic freedoms: to speak, to protest peacefully, to form groups, to travel, to live anywhere in India, and to choose their work. These are not unlimited — the law can place reasonable restrictions on them.

Example

Holding a peaceful, unarmed public meeting is protected, but the State can regulate it to maintain public order.

The explanation is general information, not legal advice. Always rely on the official text and consult a qualified advocate for your situation.